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+# Evidence ladder
+
+Use the strongest evidence practical for the decision. A higher class can still
+be stale, irrelevant, or too broad for the nearby claim.
+
+1. **Direct current observation** — reproduced behavior, command output,
+   inspected artifact, or measured result.
+2. **Authoritative primary source** — official specification, dataset, law,
+   documentation, first-party repository, or original research.
+3. **Independent corroboration** — competent sources with distinct underlying
+   evidence.
+4. **Explicit inference** — a conclusion whose premises and assumptions are
+   visible in the map.
+5. **Weak proxy** — related metric, benchmark, anecdote, or test that does not
+   exercise the exact claim.
+6. **Unsupported assertion** — confidence, repetition, or polished language
+   without evidence.
+
+## Source-region test
+
+Before creating an evidence node, answer:
+
+- What exact sentence, table, command output, page, section, or line range is
+  being relied on?
+- Does it entail the node text, or merely discuss the same subject?
+- Is its date and version appropriate for the claim?
+- Is the evidence independent, or copied from another cited source?
+- What context would reverse or narrow the interpretation?
+
+If the exact region cannot be located, create an `unknown` node instead of an
+evidence node.
+
+## Edge test
+
+| Relation | Use when | Common counterfeit |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `supports` | The source increases reason to accept the target | Topical similarity |
+| `contradicts` | Both cannot hold under the same scope and conditions | Different dates or populations |
+| `qualifies` | The source narrows scope, strength, or applicability | Hiding inconvenient evidence |
+| `missing` | A specific absent fact blocks or could reverse the target | Generic “more research needed” |