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# componentWillMount Migration Reference
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## Case A - Initializes State {#case-a}
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The method only calls `this.setState()` with static or computed values that do not depend on async operations.
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**Before:**
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```jsx
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class UserList extends React.Component {
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componentWillMount() {
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this.setState({ items: [], loading: false, page: 1 });
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}
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render() { ... }
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}
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```
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**After - move to constructor:**
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```jsx
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class UserList extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = { items: [], loading: false, page: 1 };
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}
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render() { ... }
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}
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```
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**If constructor already exists**, merge the state:
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```jsx
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class UserList extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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// Existing state merged with componentWillMount state:
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this.state = {
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...this.existingState, // whatever was already here
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items: [],
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loading: false,
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page: 1,
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};
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}
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}
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```
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---
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## Case B - Runs a Side Effect {#case-b}
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The method fetches data, sets up subscriptions, interacts with external APIs, or touches the DOM.
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**Before:**
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```jsx
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class UserDashboard extends React.Component {
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componentWillMount() {
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this.subscription = this.props.eventBus.subscribe(this.handleEvent);
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fetch(`/api/users/${this.props.userId}`)
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.then(r => r.json())
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.then(user => this.setState({ user, loading: false }));
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this.setState({ loading: true });
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}
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}
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```
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**After - move to componentDidMount:**
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```jsx
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class UserDashboard extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = { loading: true, user: null }; // initial state here
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}
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componentDidMount() {
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// All side effects move here - runs after first render
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this.subscription = this.props.eventBus.subscribe(this.handleEvent);
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fetch(`/api/users/${this.props.userId}`)
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.then(r => r.json())
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.then(user => this.setState({ user, loading: false }));
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}
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componentWillUnmount() {
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// Always pair subscriptions with cleanup
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this.subscription?.unsubscribe();
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}
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}
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```
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**Why this is safe:** In React 18 concurrent mode, `componentWillMount` can be called multiple times before mounting. Side effects inside it can fire multiple times. `componentDidMount` is guaranteed to fire exactly once after mount.
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---
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## Case C - Derives Initial State from Props {#case-c}
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The method reads `this.props` to compute an initial state value.
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**Before:**
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```jsx
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class PriceDisplay extends React.Component {
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componentWillMount() {
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this.setState({
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formattedPrice: `$${this.props.price.toFixed(2)}`,
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isDiscount: this.props.price < this.props.originalPrice,
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});
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}
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}
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```
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**After - constructor with props:**
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```jsx
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class PriceDisplay extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = {
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formattedPrice: `$${props.price.toFixed(2)}`,
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isDiscount: props.price < props.originalPrice,
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};
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}
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}
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```
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**Note:** If this initial state needs to UPDATE when props change later, that's a `getDerivedStateFromProps` case - see `componentWillReceiveProps.md` Case B.
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---
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## Multiple Patterns in One Method
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If a single `componentWillMount` does both state init AND side effects:
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```jsx
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// Mixed - state init + fetch
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componentWillMount() {
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this.setState({ loading: true, items: [] }); // Case A
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fetch('/api/items').then(r => r.json()) // Case B
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.then(items => this.setState({ items, loading: false }));
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}
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```
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Split them:
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```jsx
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = { loading: true, items: [] }; // Case A → constructor
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}
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componentDidMount() {
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fetch('/api/items').then(r => r.json()) // Case B → componentDidMount
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.then(items => this.setState({ items, loading: false }));
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}
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```
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